| A Short Energy Industry Glossary | i |
| Introduction | 1 |
| How to Use This Book | 3 |
| Chapter 1: Major Trends Affecting the Energy Industry | 7 |
| 1) Energy Industry Introduction | 7 |
| 2) The U.S. Electric Grid Needs Significant New Investment | 11 |
| 3) Proposals for U.S. Electricity Grid Enhancements Include a “Smart Grid,” Regional Transmission Organizations (RTOs) and Technologies such as Flow Cell Batteries | 12 |
| 4) Superconductivity Comes of Age | 15 |
| 5) Global Shale Gas Resources Revolutionize the Energy Industry | 16 |
| 6) Crude Oil from Shale Booms in North Dakota’s Bakken and Texas’ Eagle Ford, Thanks to Fracking and Horizontal Drilling | 19 |
| 7) Coalbed Methane Production Soars, Hits 16% of all U.S. Gas Production | 19 |
| 8) New Pipeline Projects are Needed to Handle Growing Production, But They Create Controversy | 19 |
| 9) LNG Imports and New Projects Offer Increased Supply/Floating LNG Plants May Change the Industry | 21 |
| 10) Russia and West Africa Play Increasingly Important Roles in Oil and Gas/Israel Develops Major Gas Fields | 22 |
| 11) Companies Use New Technologies for Enhanced Oil and Gas Recovery | 23 |
| 12) Advances in Technology Lead to New Gains in Exploration and Production/Electromagnetic Technology Looks Promising | 24 |
| 13) Extension of Offshore Drilling into Extreme Water Depths Continues/Brazil Is a Leading Producer Offshore | 24 |
| 14) Energy Demand Climbs in India and China/Nuclear, Hydro and Gas Projects Grow | 28 |
| 15) Canada’s Oil Sands Production Reaches 1.5 Million Barrels per Day, But Operating Costs Are High | 30 |
| 16) Production of Synthetic Oil from Kerogen Trapped in Shale Advances Through New Technologies | 31 |
| 17) Clean Coal and Coal Gasification Technologies Advance/Carbon Capture (CCS) Proves Costly | 31 |
| 18) The Industry Takes a New Look at Nuclear Power | 33 |
| 19) Ethanol Production Soared, But a Market Glut May Slow Expansion | 38 |
| 20) New Refineries May Create Surplus Capacity | 41 |
| Chapter 2: Energy Industry Statistics | 43 |
| I. Overview of the Energy Industry | 44 |
| Global Energy Overview: 2009-2010 | 45 |
| U.S. Energy Industry Overview | 46 |
| U.S. Energy Overview: Selected Years, 1970-2010 | 47 |
| U.S. Energy Intensity 1980-2035 | 48 |
| Primary Energy Flow by Source & Sector, U.S.: 2010 | 49 |
| Energy Consumption by Source & Sector, U.S.: 2010 | 50 |
| Total U.S. Energy Consumption 2008-2035 | 51 |
| Energy Consumption & Expenditures Indicators, U.S.: Selected Years, 1950-2010 | 52 |
| Energy Imports, U.S.: Selected Years, 1950-2010 | 53 |
| Energy Exports, U.S.: Selected Years, 1950-2010 | 54 |
| Total Energy Imports, Net Energy Imports & Petroleum Imports, U.S.: 1970-2010 | 55 |
| Federal Research & Development (R&D) & R&D Plant Funding for Energy, U.S.: Fiscal Years 2009-2011 | 56 |
| U.S. Department of Energy Funding for Scientific Research: 2010-2012 | 57 |
| Approximate Energy Unit Conversion Factors | 58 |
| II. Electricity | 59 |
| Electricity Overview, U.S.: Selected Years, 1950-2010 | 60 |
| Total Electrical Power Generation by Fuel Type, U.S.: 1981-1st 7 Months of 2011 | 61 |
| Average Retail Prices of Electricity Sold by U.S. Electric Utilities: Selected Years 1960-2010 | 62 |
| III. Fossil Fuels & Nuclear Energy | 63 |
| Energy Production by Fossil Fuels & Nuclear Power, U.S.: Selected Years, 1950-2010 | 64 |
| Petroleum Overview, U.S.: Selected Years, 1950-2010 | 65 |
| Crude Oil Production & Oil Well Productivity, U.S.: Selected Years, 1955-2010 | 66 |
| Crude Oil Domestic First Purchase Prices, U.S.: Selected Years, 1960-2010 | 67 |
| Landed Costs of U.S. Crude Oil Imports from Selected Countries: Selected Years, 1975-2010 | 68 |
| Value of U.S. Crude Oil Imports from Selected Countries: 1980-2010 | 69 |
| Petroleum Imports by Country of Origin, U.S.: Selected Years, 1960-2010 | 70 |
| Refinery Capacity & Utilization in the U.S.: Selected Years, 1960-2010 | 71 |
| Refinery Sales Prices & Refinery Profit Margins for Selected Petroleum Products, U.S.: Selected Years, 1990-2010 | 72 |
| Petroleum Consumption by the Transportation Sector, U.S.: Selected Years, 1950-2010 | 73 |
| Retail Motor Gasoline & On-Highway Diesel Fuel Prices, U.S.: Selected Years, 1950-2010 | 74 |
| Top World Oil Reserves by Country: 2010 | 75 |
| Top World Oil Producers: 2010 | 76 |
| Top World Oil Net Importers: 2010 | 77 |
| Top World Oil Net Exporters: 2010 | 78 |
| Top World Oil Consumers: 2010 | 79 |
| Coal Overview, U.S.: Selected Years, 1950-2010 | 80 |
| Natural Gas Production, U.S.: Selected Years, 1950-2010 | 81 |
| Natural Gas Prices Paid, by Sector, U.S.: Selected Years, 1970-2010 | 82 |
| U.S. Shale gas Production, 1990-2035 | 83 |
| The 15 Largest Nuclear Power Plants in the U.S.: 2009 | 84 |
| IV. Renewable Energy | 85 |
| Energy Production by Renewable Energy, U.S.: Selected Years, 1950-2010 | 86 |
| Renewable Energy Consumption by Source, U.S.: Selected Years, 1950-2010 | 87 |
| Renewable Energy Consumption in the Residential, Commercial & Industrial Sectors, U.S.: 2004-2010 | 88 |
| Renewable Energy Consumption in the Transportation & Electric Power Sectors, U.S.: 2004-2010 | 89 |
| Chapter 3: Important Energy Industry Contacts | 91 |
| (Addresses, Telephone Numbers and Internet Sites) | |
| Chapter 4: THE ENERGY 500: | |
| Who They Are and How They Were Chosen | 135 |
| Industry List, With Codes | 136 |
| Index of Companies Within Industry Groups | 138 |
| Alphabetical Index | 150 |
| Index of U.S. Headquarters Location by State | 153 |
| Index of Non-U.S. Headquarters Location by Country | 156 |
| Index by Regions of the U.S. Where the Firms Have Locations | 158 |
| Index by Firms with International Operations | 165 |
| Individual Data Profiles on Each of THE ENERGY 500 | 169 |
| Additional Indexes | |
| Index of Hot Spots for Advancement for Women/Minorities | 686 |
| Index by Subsidiaries, Brand Names and Selected Affiliations | 688 |