| A Short Health Care Industry Glossary | i |
| Introduction | 1 |
| How to Use This Book | 3 |
| Chapter 1: Major Trends Affecting the Health Care Industry | 7 |
| 1) Introduction to the Health Care Industry | 7 |
| 2) Continued Rise in Health Care Costs | 10 |
| 3) Employers Push Health Care Costs onto Employees/On-Site Clinics Begin to Appear | 10 |
| 4) Medicare and Medicaid Spending Continue to Surge/Baby Boomers Pass 65 Years of Age Soon | 11 |
| 5) Medicare Changes Include Drug Benefits for Seniors/Medicare Advantage Offers Private Fee for Service Plans | 12 |
| 6) Health Savings Accounts and Health Reimbursement Accounts Put Responsibility on the Patient | 13 |
| 7) Vast Number of Uninsured and Underinsured Americans | 14 |
| 8) Universal Health Care Attempted on the Local Level | 14 |
| 9) Few New Blockbusters: Major Drug Patents Expire While Generic Sales Soar | 15 |
| 10) Biotech and Orphan Drugs Pick Up the Slack as Blockbuster Mainstream Drugs Age | 17 |
| 11) Critical Lack of Qualified Nurses in the U.S. Continues Despite Federal Efforts | 17 |
| 12) Patients Are Seeking Quality of Care Data | 18 |
| 13) Malpractice Suits Are Blamed for Rising Health Care Costs/Tort Reform Is Capping Awards for Damages | 18 |
| 14) Transplants Are Big Business | 19 |
| 15) Hospitals are Reengineering | 19 |
| 16) Obesity Sparks Government Action | 20 |
| 17) Health Care Goes Offshore, Private Clinics Thrive in China and India | 22 |
| 18) Disease Management Programs Take Root | 23 |
| 19) Clinics Open in Retail Store Settings | 24 |
| The Outlook for Health Care Technology: | 25 |
| 20) Health Care Technology Introduction | 25 |
| 21) Information Technology and Health Care | 25 |
| 22) Stem Cells - Controversy in the U.S. Threatens to Leave America Far Behind in the Research Race | 30 |
| 23) Stem Cell Funding Trickles in the U.S. at the Federal Level While a Few States Create Funding of Their Own | 32 |
| 24) Stem Cells - Therapeutic Cloning Techniques Advance | 32 |
| 25) Stem Cells - A New Era of Regenerative Medicine Takes Shape | 33 |
| 26) Gene Therapies and Patients' Genetic Profiles Promise a Personalized Approach to Medicine | 34 |
| 27) Breakthrough New Drug Delivery Systems Evolve | 36 |
| 28) Advances in Cancer Research and Therapies | 37 |
| 29) Proton Beams - The Ultimate Radiation Therapy | 38 |
| 30) Better Imaging, including MRI, PET and 320-Slice CT, Creates Advances in Detection | 39 |
| 31) Molecular Imaging will Lead to Early Detection and Early Cure of Cancerous Tumors | 41 |
| 32) Advances in Laboratory Testing | 42 |
| 33) Advances in Surgery | 43 |
| 34) Other Treatment Technologies | 45 |
| Chapter 2: Health Care Industry Statistics | 49 |
| I. U.S. Health Care Industry Overview | 50 |
| U.S. Health Care Industry Overview | 51 |
| Top 20 Global Health Insurance Companies by Revenues: 2007 | 52 |
| Employment in the Health Care Industry, U.S.: 2001-2007 | 53 |
| Employment & Earnings in Health Care Practitioner & Technical Occupations, U.S.: May 2007 | 54 |
| Employment & Earnings in Health Care Support Occupations, U.S.: May 2007 | 55 |
| Federal R&D & R&D Plant Funding for National Institutes of Health, U.S.: Fiscal Years 2006-2008 | 56 |
| II. U.S. Health Care Expenditures & Costs | 57 |
| The Nation's Health Dollar, 2008: Where It Came From (Estimated) | 58 |
| The Nation's Health Dollar, 2008: Where It Went (Estimated) | 59 |
| National Health Expenditures & Selected Economic Indicators, Levels & Average Annual Percent Change, U.S. Selected Years, 1990-2017 | 60 |
| National Health Expenditures & Average Annual Percent Change: Selected Calendar Years 1980-2017 | 61 |
| National Health Expenditure Amounts by Type of Expenditure, U.S.: Selected Calendar Years, 1980-2017 | 62 |
| Hospital Care Expenditures & Average Annual Percent Change, U.S.: Selected Calendar Years 1980-2017 | 63 |
| Hospital Care Expenditures, Percent Distribution & Per Capita Amount, U.S.: Selected Calendar Years 1980-2017 | 64 |
| Home Health Care Expenditures and Average Annual Percent Change, U.S.: Selected Calendar Years 1980-2017 | 65 |
| Home Health Care Expenditures, Percent Distribution & Per Capita Amounts, U.S.: Selected Calendar Years 1980-2017 | 66 |
| Nursing Home Care Expenditures & Average Annual Percent Change, U.S.: Selected Calendar Years, 1980-2017 | 67 |
| Nursing Home Care Expenditures, Percent Distribution & Per Capita Amount: Selected Calendar Years 1980-2017 | 68 |
| Prescription Drug Expenditures, U.S.: 1965-2017 | 69 |
| U.S. Prescription Drug Expenditures & Average Annual Percent Change: Selected Calendar Years 1990-2017 | 71 |
| U.S. Prescription Drug Expenditures, Percent Distribution & Per Capita Amount: Selected Calendar Years, 1980-2017 | 72 |
| Index Levels of Medical Prices, U.S.: 2002-2007 | 73 |
| III. Medicare & Medicaid | 74 |
| Projected Federal Spending on Medicare & Medicaid: 2004-2013 | 75 |
| U.S. Medicare Enrollment Estimates, Selected Years 2006-2080 | 76 |
| Medicare Aged & Disabled Enrollees: 1980-2008 | 77 |
| Medicare Enrollment by Type of Coverage, 1980-2008 | 78 |
| U.S. Medicare Enrollment Trends, Part A Hospital Insurance (HI): July 1970-2008 | 79 |
| U.S. Medicare Enrollment Trends, Part B Supplemental Medical Insurance (SMI): 1970-2008 | 80 |
| Medicare Beneficiaries with Prescription Drug Coverage, Summary Report: September 2008 | 81 |
| Medicare Deductible, Co-Payment & Premium Amounts: 2009 | 82 |
| IV. U.S. Health Insurance Coverage & the Uninsured | 84 |
| Percent of Persons of All Ages without Health Insurance Coverage, U.S.: 1997-2007 | 85 |
| Number & Percent of Persons without Health Insurance Coverage, by Age Group, U.S.: 1997-2007 | 86 |
| People without Health Insurance for the Entire Year, U.S.: 2006-2007 | 87 |
| Percent of Persons under Age 65 Years without Health Insurance Coverage, by Age Group & Sex: U.S.: 2007 | 88 |
| Percent of Persons under Age 65 with Public Health Plan Coverage & Private Health Insurance Coverage by Age Group, U.S.: 1997-2007 | 89 |
| Percent of Persons of All Ages without Health Insurance Coverage, by Race/Ethnicity, U.S.: 2007 | 90 |
| Employers' Costs for Health Insurance, Amount & Percent of Total Compensation, U.S.: Selected Years 2003-2007 | 91 |
| V. U.S. Vital Statistics & Population Indicators | 92 |
| Projected U.S. Population Distribution by Age Group: 2000-2050 | 93 |
| Life Expectancy at Age 65, U.S. | 94 |
| Current Cigarette Smoking by Persons 18 Years of Age & Over According to Sex & Race, U.S.: Selected Years, 1965-2006 | 95 |
| Overweight & Obesity Among Persons 20 Years of Age & Over, According to Sex, Race & Hispanic Origin: Selected Years, 1960-2004 | 96 |
| Chapter 3: Important Health Care Industry Contacts | 97 |
| (Addresses, Phone Numbers and Internet Sites) | |
| Chapter 4: THE HEALTH CARE 500: | |
| Who They Are and How They Were Chosen | 141 |
| Industry List, With Codes | 142 |
| Index of Rankings Within Industry Groups | 144 |
| Alphabetical Index | 157 |
| Index of Headquarters Location by U.S. State | 160 |
| Index of Non-U.S. Headquarters Location by Country | 164 |
| Index by Regions of the U.S. Where the Firms Have Locations | 164 |
| Index by Firms with Operations Outside the U.S. | 173 |
| Individual Data Profiles on Each of THE HEALTH CARE 500 | 175 |
| Additional Indexes | |
| Index of Hot Spots for Advancement for Women/Minorities | 674 |
| Index by Subsidiaries, Brand Names and Selected Affiliations | 676 |